Frequency-divider circuit is a key building block of phase-locked-loop (PLL) and frequency synthesizer (FS) circuits, which are required for all data communication and telecommunication systems. However, the failure of frequency-divider circuits functioning at low-voltage high-frequency operation is.....
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The present invention provides a method for controlling the fate of mammalian cells or microorganisms by the enzymatic formation of intracellular nanostructures. Enzymatic reactions trigger the intracellular self-assembly to convert a proper precursor into another molecule or nanoobject that will a.....
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Thin-film transistors (TFTs) are used in the construction of active-matrix devices like liquid-crystal displays (LCDs), organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays, and image sensors. TFTs based on amorphous silicon suffer from low operating speed and lack of a p-type device, making it difficult to.....
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Photonic band gap (PBG) materials are those periodic composites that possess spectral gaps in the frequency spectrum, in which electromagnetic waves cannot propagate in any direction within the material. Conventional PBG are based on Bragg scattering which limits the size of PBG structures for low-f.....
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At the internet age, transmittal of video signal in digital form is very common. Among various video compression standards or processes established, Discrete cosine transform (DCT)- based block transform coding is one of the frequently used coding techniques for compression of still image. This meth.....
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