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Microsphere-Based Negative Vaccine for Reversing New-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes

Detailed Technology Description

None

*Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes is a chronic disease with elevated and fluctuating levels of glucose in the blood. Approximately 23.6 million Americans have diabetes which conventionally is diagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is caused by an autoimmune attack on the patientΓÇÖs own insulin producing beta cells. About 5 to 10 percent of the diabetic population has type 1 diabetes.Type 2 diabetes is characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity, and approximately 10 percent of all type 2 diabetes patients suffer from an autoimmuneattack towards their beta cells and are characterized as having Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA). The autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing cells in type 1 diabetic and LADA patients results in an insulin deficiency which needs to be treated with insulin therapy for life.TechnologyInvestigators at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a vaccine to reverse or prevent the destructionof insulin producing pancreatic cells. This vaccine stops T cells from attacking the pancreatic islet cells by reprogramming dendritic cells that trigger the T cell assault. Dendritic cells activate the T cell attack through surface molecules called CD40, CD80, and CD86. The vaccine utilizes microspheres that deliver antisense oligonucleotides to dendritic cells in the pancreas which keep the CD40, CD80 and CD86 molecules from being expressed.Vaccine studies have been completed in both mouse and primate models. Phase I clinical trials are underway for a cell therapy version of this vaccine.Applications1) Targeted treatment for Type 1 diabetes2) May also work for Type II diabetes3) Treatment of autoimmune diseases related with CD40, CD80, CD86 and their combinationAdvantages1) May be a true cure for diabetes, Type I diabetics may no longer need to use insulin injections2) Less invasive and much easier than transplantation based treatments3) Prevents Type I diabetes before the onset of symptomsStage of Development1) Cell based vaccine is in a Phase I clinical study2) No adverse events or side effects reported thus far in the Phase I study3) Mouse and primate studies complete for microsphere based vaccine4) Investigators are working on an IND submission for microsphere based vaccineRelated Technologies:ID 869, ID 1703

*Principal Investigator

Name: Nick Giannoukakis

Department: Med-Pathology

Country/Region

USA