The alignment behavior of the liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal display (LCD) determines most of its optical properties. The alignment direction and pretilt angles are determined by the alignment layers in contact with the liquid crystal layer itself and cannot be varied. Some traditional way.....
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Although experimentation on antifouling technologies for shipping has continued for approximately 100 years, metal containing antifouling paints continue to be widely adopted. These paints are usually copper or tin based compounds like tributyl tin (TBT) that can prevent fouling by continuously rele.....
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The performance of wireless communication systems can be greatly enhanced by utilizing antenna diversity or smart antennas. Such antenna systems make use of multiple antennas and they have been incorporated into the base stations of most mobile telephone systems in use today. However, adoption of .....
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Existing methods for detection of pathogens at ultra-low concentration are usually time-consuming. This is mainly due to the lack of general and satisfactory assay that could detect bacteria at concentrations A protocol is now invented, making detection of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria w.....
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The telecommunication industry has produced an explosion of wireless technology. The next generation personal communications networks will need to be able to support a very high level of user traffic along with a wide range of high quality services at varying bit rates. However, the ability for wire.....
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