The persistence of covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in liver cells is believed to be the major reason for relapse after completion of HBV antiviral therapy. Up to now, there is no sensitive method to quantify cccDNA in infected liver cells. A set of primers were design.....
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Methods and systems are provided to utilize and manufacture a stacked chip assembly. Microelectronic or optoelectronic chips of any dimensions are directly stacked onto each other. The chips can be of substantially identical sizes. To enable forming the stacked chip assembly, trenches are laser micr.....
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