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One-step Method to Fabricate Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Crystal for Thin Film Solar Cells Using Ionic Liquids as a Solvent

Detailed Technology Description
This invention describes a one-step, organic solvent-free process toobtain thin films of organic-inorganic halide perovskites,emerging as a new generation of solar photovoltaic material, though theuse of ionic liquids.
Others
  • Issued Patent in the U.S. 9,895,714
  • Moore D.& al. (2015). Direct Crystallization Route to Methylammonium Lead IodidePerovskite from an Ionic Liquid, Chem.Mater., 27 (9), pp 3197–3199. DOI: 10.1021/cm5047484.
*Abstract

Organic-inorganic halideperovskites are a broad class of photoactive materials with applications tosolar energy with current, certified, device efficiencies exceeding 20%. Because the fabrication of perovskite material isinexpensive, does not require clean room, extreme temperature, and involves fewerprocess steps, it has been favored to silicon in making solar cells.

 

Fabrication routes of thecrystalline form of halide perovskites can consist of a two-step approach, usingtwo salts in an organic solvent, depositing onto a substrate and heating toinduce crystallization. However filmquality is poor, time for crystal growth is limited (40-60 minutes) resultingin incomplete coverage of substrate and inconsistent thickness. Furthermore, one-stepdepositions have also been reported but require the use of volatile organicsolvents.

In this currentinvention, Wiesner’s group has developed a one-step, organic solvent-freemethod to fabricate methylammonium lead halideperovskites (MAPbX3with e.g. MA = NH3CH3+, X = I− or Cl− or Br−) using an ionic liquidin which one of the ions is methylammonium (MAFa).

 

PotentialApplications

  • Thin films for photovoltaic devices
  • Anode materials in lithium-ion batteryapplications.

 

Advantages

  • On-stepprocess that avoid the formation of unidentified intermediate compoundswhich leads to better control of the perovskite film structure
  • Processdoes not require the use of organic solvents
  • Useof ionic liquids that are easier to purify from the crystal formed
  • Lowerannealing temperature allowing for as much as two orders of magnitude increase intime for crystal formation
  • Energysaving process
  • Minimalcrystal decomposition after 1000 minutes of formation
  • Filmobtained with excellent coverage and uniformity
  • Higherdegree of crystal grain orientation, which can correlate to improved deviceperformance.
*Licensing
Jeffrey C. Fearnjcf55@cornell.edu607-254-4502
Country/Region
USA

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