Double-Mutant Live Attenuated Brucella Vaccines
Safety ΓÇô residual in vivo virulence of the vaccine is very lowHighly stable ΓÇô not subject to varying morphology, exhibiting increase virulence or losing immunogenicityEnhance immunogenicity ΓÇô more protective than current vaccinesDecreased potential for false positives ΓÇô easy to distinguish vaccinated hosts from those naturally infectedAttenuated strain may be applicable to humans
A double -mutant brucellosis vaccine for cattle and humans which has two virulence genes attenuated to enable minimal infection and a marker gene to enable identification of the vaccine from wild type pathogen. This vaccine is more effective and more attenuated than current vaccines.
Researchers at Montana State University previously developed two vaccines for the most common brucella bacteria - B. melitensis and B. abortus. Further work on these vaccines has lead to a single dose of B. melitensis vaccine which confers complete protection against nasal challenge. Introduction of a second mutation in the B. abortus strain resulted in a greatly attenuated strain in primary human macrophages yet remains a highly effective vaccine. This strain conferred equal protection against pulmonary B. melitensis challenge. Given the highly similar genetic homology across brucella, it is believed that the above work can be applied to the other brucella homologs.
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